International Human rights Law: history

Historical evolution of human rights.

Magna charta libertatum ( great charter of freedom), 1215, a charter to limit the power of king of England, codifying rights and freedom, addressed as a fundamental historical of the human rights, far away before UN set up in 1945.

Then, general assembly of UN adopted Universal Declaration of Human rights (UDHR) on December 10, 1948, then celebrated as human rights day. The raising of human rights debate came after the nations all over the world considered the massive victims of the first and second world war ended 1945.

In 1945, the world war won by US and Europe and punished Germany and Japan, as war crimes. Nurenberg trial held by world war winner was very famous as a part of beginning the road map in building the new form of global relation binded by United Nation. the traumatic experiences of the war made most nations in the world agreed to build new understanding to respect the humanity, universal declaration of human rights.

Post world war, the world faced a new form of war, cold war, ideological war between US and USRR, at the same time UDHR was interpreted to what was called bill of rights: ICCPR ( Politic and civil rights) and ICESCR ( economic, Social, cultural rights). the cold war ended in the early of 90s brougt the new notion of human rights form not to separate ICCPR and ICESCR.

the proliferation of human rights discourse on international level was started. there are many conventions, protocols, and other treaties efforted by UN.
moreover, there were many regional human rights systems built as apart of the international willing to think about the positive progress of human rights, e.g. European charter on Human rights,ECHR, African charter on human and people rights, ACHPR, Intern American charter on Human rights, IACHR, and arab league.